METHODS AND OBJECTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

An international journal devoted to all aspects of analytical chemistry

ISSN 2413-6166 (Online), ISSN 1991-0290 (Print)

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Synthesis of New Triazolyl Starch Derivatives for Heavy Metals Removal

Asaad H. Aneed^†, Hayder M. Kamal^†, Dhurgham Aziz^‡, Nuha S. Kareem^†, Maryam M. Mahdi^§, Zahraa H. Muslim^II, Zahraa H. Hamid^┴

^† Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq;
^‡ College of Dentistry, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah 66001, Iraq;
^§ Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq;
^II Department of Radiology and Sonography, College of Medical Technologies, Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq;
^┴ Al Mustaqbal University, College of Science, Department of Biochemistry Sciences, Babylon, Iraq

* Corresponding authors

*e-mail: asaadh.obeid@uokufa.edu.iq

Methods Objects Chem. Anal., 2025, 20(2), p. 143-148

https://doi.org/10.17721/moca.2025.143-148

The article is distributed under open access Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

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Abstract

This work presents the synthesis and application of novel triazolyl starch derivatives (TABS) designed for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The synthetic pathway involves tosylation of natural starch, azidation, and copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) with propargylated aromatic aldehydes to yield triazolyl-functionalized starch. Structural and morphological features were confirmed by FT-IR, SEM, and EDX analyses. The adsorption performance of TABS was evaluated under various pH values, contact times, and Pb²⁺ concentrations, showing a maximum removal efficiency of 99% and adsorption capacity of 99.0 mg g^-1. The enhanced affinity is attributed to chelation through triazole rings and aldehyde groups. Derived from renewable starch and demonstrating low antibacterial activity, TABS represents a promising, low-toxicity material for sustainable water purification applications.

Keywords: starch, adsorption, wastewater treatment, heavy metals removal, pollutants

Article language: En.

Publisher: Taras Shevchenko National University, Kiev Ukraine

(Analytical chemistry department at Taras Shevchenko National University, 64 Vladimirskaya STR., Kiev, 01601 UKRAINE)
analysis@univ.kiev.ua, www.univ.kiev.ua, +380 (44) 2393444

The journal is indexed in SCOPUS and Web of Science

The journal website: www.moca.net.ua

The articles in this journal are licensed under CC BY 4.0