Abstract

Testosterone (TST), a widely used anabolic steroid, requires sensitive and selective analytical approaches for reliable determination in pharmaceutical formulations and environmental matrices. In this work, its electrochemical properties were examined using cyclic voltammetry under optimized conditions (pH 12.7, 40 °C, scan rate 50 mV·s-¹). TST exhibited an irreversible, diffusion-controlled oxidation process. A linear calibration curve was obtained within the concentration range of 3.47 × 10-5 – 3.47 × 10-4 M (R² = 0.999). The method achieved a detection limit (LOD) of 2.08 × 10-5 M and a quantification limit (LOQ) of 6.30 × 10-5 M. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated as ΔH = 2.59 kJ·mol-¹, ΔS = 392.22 J·K-¹·mol-¹, and ΔG = –120.22 kJ·mol-¹, confirming the spontaneity of the redox process. The electrode's electroactive surface area was 0.0054 cm². High precision was demonstrated, with relative standard deviations of less than 0.5%. The method was successfully applied to the quantification of testosterone in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations, with recoveries consistent with certified values.

Keywords: testosterone, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical determination, pharmaceutical analysis, irreversible redox process

Article language: En